Changes between Initial Version and Version 1 of 0.11/TracStandalone

Timestamp:

Apr 10, 2010, 7:02:45 PM (14 years ago)

Author:

Christian Boos

Comment:

archiving wiki:/TracStandalone@79

0.11/TracStandalone

@@ +1 @@
+= Tracd =
+
+Tracd is a lightweight standalone Trac web server. In most cases it's easier to setup and runs faster than the [wiki:TracCgi CGI script].
+
+== Pros ==
+
+ * Fewer dependencies: You don't need to install apache or any other web-server.
+ * Fast: Should be almost as fast as the [wiki:TracModPython mod_python] version (and much faster than the [wiki:TracCgi CGI]).
+ * Automatic reloading: For development, Tracd can be used in ''auto_reload'' mode, which will automatically restart the server whenever you make a change to the code (in Trac itself or in a plugin).
+  * Options for tracd: `-r, --auto-reload`
+
+== Cons ==
+
+ * Fewer features: Tracd implements a very simple web-server and is not as configurable or as scalable as Apache HTTPD.
+ * No native HTTPS support: [http://www.rickk.com/sslwrap/ sslwrap] can be used instead,
+   or [http://trac.edgewall.org/wiki/STunnelTracd stunnel -- a tutorial on how to use stunnel with tracd] or Apache with mod_proxy.
+
+== Usage examples ==
+
+A single project on port 8080. (http://localhost:8080/)
+{{{
+ $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project
+}}}
+Stricly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than ''localhost only''. To truly limit it use ''--hostname'' option.
+{{{
+ $ tracd --hostname=localhost -p 8080 /path/to/project
+}}}
+With more than one project. (http://localhost:8080/project1/ and http://localhost:8080/project2/)
+{{{
+ $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2
+}}}
+
+You can't have the last portion of the path identical between the projects since Trac uses that name to keep the URLs of the
+different projects unique. So if you use `/project1/path/to` and `/project2/path/to`, you will only see the second project.
+
+An alternative way to serve multiple projects is to specify a parent directory in which each subdirectory is a Trac project, using the `-e` option. The example above could be rewritten:
+{{{
+ $ tracd -p 8080 -e /path/to
+}}}
+
+To exit the server on Windows, be sure to use {{{CTRL-BREAK}}} -- using {{{CTRL-C}}} will leave a Python process running in the background.
+
+== Installing as a Windows Service ==
+
+=== Option 1 ===
+To install as a Windows service, get the [http://www.google.com/search?q=srvany.exe SRVANY] utility and run:
+{{{
+ C:\path\to\instsrv.exe tracd C:\path\to\srvany.exe
+ reg add HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\tracd\Parameters /v Application /d "\"C:\path\to\python.exe\" \"C:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py\" <your tracd parameters>"
+ net start tracd
+}}}
+
+'''DO NOT''' use {{{tracd.exe}}}.  Instead register {{{python.exe}}} directly with {{{tracd-script.py}}} as a parameter.  If you use {{{tracd.exe}}}, it will spawn the python process without SRVANY's knowledge.  This python process will survive a {{{net stop tracd}}}.
+
+If you want tracd to start automatically when you boot Windows, do:
+{{{
+ sc config tracd start= auto
+}}}
+
+The spacing here is important.
+
+For Windows 7 User, srvany.exe may not be an option, so you can use [http://www.google.com/search?q=winserv.exe WINSERV] utility and run:
+{{{
+"C:\path\to\winserv.exe" install tracd -displayname "tracd" -start auto "C:\path\to\python.exe" c:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py <your tracd parameters>"
+
+net start tracd
+}}}
+
+=== Option 2 ===
+
+Use [http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/WindowsServiceScript WindowsServiceScript], available at [http://trac-hacks.org/ Trac Hacks]. Installs, removes, starts, stops, etc. your Trac service.
+
+== Using Authentication ==
+`tracd` provides support for both Basic and Digest authentication. The default is to use Digest.
+
+  ''Support for Basic authentication was added in version 0.9.''
+
+The general format for using authentication is (replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` if you want to use Basic auth):
+
+{{{
+ $ tracd -p port --auth="base_project_dir,password_file_path,realm" project_path
+}}}
+
+where:
+
+ * '''base_project_dir''': the base directory of the project specified as follows:
+   * when serving multiple projects: ''relative'' to the `project_bath`
+   * when serving only a single project (`-s`): the name of the project directory
+ Don't use an absolute path here as this won't work. ''Note:'' This parameter is case-sensitive even for environments on Windows.
+ * '''password_file_path''': path to the password file
+ * '''realm''': the realm name (can be anything)
+ * '''project_path''': path of the project
+
+Examples:
+
+{{{
+ $ tracd -p 8080 \
+   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" /path/to/project1
+}}}
+
+Of course, the password file can be be shared so that it is used for more than one project:
+{{{
+ $ tracd -p 8080 \
+   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \
+   --auth="project2,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \
+   /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2
+}}}
+
+Another way to share the password file is to specify "*" for the project name:
+{{{
+ $ tracd -p 8080 \
+   --auth="*,/path/to/users.htdigest,mycompany.com" \
+   /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2
+}}}
+
+=== Using a htpasswd password file ===
+This section describes how to use `tracd` with Apache .htpasswd files.
+
+To create a .htpasswd file use Apache's `htpasswd` command (see [#GeneratingPasswordsWithoutApache below] for a method to create these files without using Apache):
+
+{{{
+ $ sudo htpasswd -c /path/to/env/.htpasswd username
+}}}
+then for additional users:
+{{{
+ $ sudo htpasswd /path/to/env/.htpasswd username2
+}}}
+
+Then to start `tracd` run something like this:
+
+{{{
+ $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="projectdirname,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,realmname" /fullpath/environmentname
+}}}
+
+For example:
+
+{{{
+ $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="testenv,/srv/tracenv/testenv/.htpasswd,My Test Env" /srv/tracenv/testenv
+}}}
+
+''Note:'' You might need to pass "-m" as a parameter to htpasswd on some platforms (OpenBSD).
+
+=== Using a htdigest password file ===
+
+If you have Apache available, you can use the htdigest command to generate the password file. Type 'htdigest' to get some usage instructions, or read [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/htdigest.html this page] from the Apache manual to get precise instructions.  You'll be prompted for a password to enter for each user that you create.  For the name of the password file, you can use whatever you like, but if you use something like `users.htdigest` it will remind you what the file contains. As a suggestion, put it in your <projectname>/conf folder along with the [TracIni trac.ini] file.
+
+Note that you can start tracd without the --auth argument, but if you click on the ''Login'' link you will get an error.
+
+=== Generating Passwords Without Apache ===
+
+If you don't have Apache available, you can use this simple Python script to generate your passwords:
+
+{{{
+#!python
+from optparse import OptionParser
+# The md5 module is deprecated in Python 2.5
+try:
+    from hashlib import md5
+except ImportError:
+    from md5 import md5
+realm = 'trac'
+
+# build the options
+usage = "usage: %prog [options]"
+parser = OptionParser(usage=usage)
+parser.add_option("-u", "--username",action="store", dest="username", type = "string",
+                  help="the username for whom to generate a password")
+parser.add_option("-p", "--password",action="store", dest="password", type = "string",
+                  help="the password to use")
+parser.add_option("-r", "--realm",action="store", dest="realm", type = "string",
+                  help="the realm in which to create the digest")
+(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
+
+# check options
+if (options.username is None) or (options.password is None):
+   parser.error("You must supply both the username and password")
+if (options.realm is not None):
+   realm = options.realm
+   
+# Generate the string to enter into the htdigest file
+kd = lambda x: md5(':'.join(x)).hexdigest()
+print ':'.join((options.username, realm, kd([options.username, realm, options.password])))
+}}}
+
+Note: If you use the above script you must use the --auth option to tracd, not --basic-auth, and you must set the realm in the --auth value to 'trac' (without the quotes). Example usage (assuming you saved the script as trac-digest.py):
+
+{{{
+ $ python trac-digest.py -u username -p password >> c:\digest.txt
+ $ tracd --port 8000 --auth=proj_name,c:\digest.txt,trac c:\path\to\proj_name
+}}}
+
+Note: If you would like to use --basic-auth you need to use htpasswd tool from apache server to generate .htpasswd file. The remaining part is similar but make sure to use empty realm (i.e. coma after path). When using on Windows make sure to use -m option for it (did not tested it on *nix, so not sure if that is the case there).  If you do not have Apache, [trac:source:/tags/trac-0.11b2/contrib/htpasswd.py htpasswd.py] may help.  (Note that it requires a `crypt` or `fcrypt` module; see the source comments for details.)
+
+It is possible to use md5sum utility to generate digest-password file using such method:
+{{{
+ $ printf "${user}:trac:${password}" | md5sum - >>user.htdigest
+}}}
+and manually delete " -" from the end and add "${user}:trac:" to the start of line from 'to-file'.
+
+== Tips ==
+
+=== Serving static content ===
+
+If `tracd` is the only webserver used for the project, 
+it can also be used to distribute static content 
+(tarballs, Doxygen documentation, etc.)
+
+This static content should be put in the `$TRAC_ENV/htdocs` folder,
+and is accessed by URLs like `<project_URL>/chrome/site/...`.
+
+Example: given a `$TRAC_ENV/htdocs/software-0.1.tar.gz` file,
+the corresponding relative URL would be `/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz`, 
+which in turn can be written using the relative link syntax
+in the Wiki: `[/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz]` 
+
+Since 0.10, Trac supports a new `htdocs:` TracLinks 
+syntax for the above. With this, the example link above can be written simply 
+`htdocs:software-0.1.tar.gz`. 
+
+=== Using apache rewrite rules ===
+In some situations when you choose to use tracd behind apache, you might experience issues with redirects, like being redirected to URLs with the wrong host or protocol. In this case (and only in this case), setting the `[trac] use_base_url_for_redirect` to `true` can help, as this will force Trac to use the value of `[trac] base_url` for doing the redirects.
+
+=== Serving a different base path than / ===
+Tracd supports serving projects with different base urls than /<project>. The parameter name to change this is
+{{{
+ $ tracd --base-path=/some/path
+}}}
+
+----
+See also: TracInstall, TracCgi, TracModPython, TracGuide, [trac:TracOnWindowsStandalone?version=13#RunningTracdasservice Running tracd.exe as a Windows service]